dark urine after covid vaccine

WebThese symptoms were grouped into five different categories: Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ( n = 34, 22%), Hematuria ( n = 22, 14%), Urinary Infection ( n = 41, 26%), Skin and/or … Bitzan M., Zieg J. Influenza-associated thrombotic microangiopathies. First month of COVID-19 vaccine safety monitoring — United States, december 14, 2020–january 13, 2021. The study showed that immune function among vaccinated individuals 8 months after the administration of two doses of COVID-19 vaccine was lower than that among the … 1 ‐ 4 Recently, we … Low Rates of Urologic Side Effects Following COVID Vaccination: … Supervision, S.-H.P. All urologic symptoms were isolated and the reported adverse events associated with each symptom were reviewed. Gross hematuria after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: questionnaire Light microscopy: (A) In low magnification, no tubular atrophy or interstitial fibrosis was present (periodic acid–Schiff, ×40). Birth control pills may not work properly while … To quantify and describe urologic adverse events and symptoms after vaccination with the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines. Does COVID-19 Vaccination Cause Storage Lower Urinary Tract The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. , government site. Gaut J.P., Liapis H. Acute kidney injury pathology and pathophysiology: A retrospective review. Several studies have established that the most common symptoms that have resulted from SARS-CoV-2 are cough, fever, and myalgias [3]. Chazan B., Weiss R., Tabenkin H., Mines M., Raz R. Influenza vaccine does not produce myopathy in patients taking statins. the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, LM: mesangial hypercellular with increased mesangial matrix, cellular crescent, segmental sclerosis, endocapillary proliferation, LM: normal glomeruli, intact tubules and interstitium, LM: diffuse thickening of the capillary wall with capillary loop doubling, hyaline thrombi in glomeruli, intact tubules and interstitium, mild infiltration of lymphocytes in the interstitium, arterial fibrointimal thickening, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic hepatitis B, hyperlipidemia, LM: normal glomeruli, mild IF/TA, massive mixed inflammatory cell infiltrates in the tubular epithelium (tubulitis) and interstitium, Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis with myoglobin tubular casts, Chronic hepatitis B, hepatocellular carcinoma, type 2 diabetes mellitus, LM: normal glomeruli, mild IF/TA, infiltration of the inflammatory cells in the interstitium, myoglobin casts in the tubules. COVID We present a 21-year-old male patient with a past medical history of asthma who presented to the emergency department for progressively worsening pain and swelling in the lower back for one day after his first Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine injection. Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Muscle syndromes including myalgia, myositis, and rhabdomyolysis are well-known complications of influenza virus infection [32]. The patient did not use any medication regularly. An official website of the United States government. Urinary viral shedding of COVID-19 was detected from day 1 to day 52 after disease onset. No electron-dense deposits with a normal thickness of basement membrane and intact foot processes were present (×2500, 80 kv). Dang S., Gao N., Zhang X., Jia X. Rhabdomyolysis in a 48-year-old man with hepatitis B-induced cirrhosis. Abbreviations: Scr, serum creatinine; UPCR, urine protein-to-creatinine ratio; M, mesangial hypercellularity; E, endocapillary hypercellularity; C, crescents; S, segmental glomerulosclerosis; T, tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis; LM, light microscopy; IF, immunofluorescence; EM, electron microcopy; RASi, renin angiotensin system inhibitor; PR, partial remission; CR, complete remission; SR, spontaneous remission; IF/TA, tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. Because you don't drink while asleep, you may notice your urine is darker in the morning. A 77-year-old woman with a chronic hepatitis B infection, hepatocellular carcinoma, and type 2 diabetes mellitus visited the emergency room, presenting with anorexia and nausea following vaccination. He was treated adequately with fluids and discharged safely. Urinary viral shedding of COVID-19 was detected from day 1 to day 52 after disease onset. Table 1 shows the details of the cases. (G) Glomerular endothelial swelling and hypertrophy with occlusion of the lumens (glomerular endotheliosis) and diffuse foot process effacements along the capillary surfaces were observed (×3000, 80 kv). reported a patient who developed rhabdomyolysis five days after receiving the H1N1 vaccine [29]. The list of unique symptoms was then reviewed separately by 2 physicians and all urology-specific symptoms were isolated. We investigated the storage lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) before and after the first dose of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine and the association between pre-vaccinated overactive bladder (OAB) and the worsening of storage LUTS following COVID-19 vaccination. My first shot The first shot, for me, felt nonexistent. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. Analysis of COVID-19 vaccine type and adverse effects following vaccination. Although therapeutic agents that successfully suppress COVID-19 have not yet been developed, several vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 can help in the prevention of COVID-19 and alleviation of the disease’s severity. Two main types of vaccine are currently used to prevent COVID-19: (1) mRNA vaccines, such as BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) and mRNA-1273 (Moderna); and (2) vectored vaccines, such as AZD1222 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) and Ad26.COV2.S (Janssen). During J&J clinical trial, injection site erythema and swelling were not reported as local adverse effects; arthralgias and chills were not reported as a systemic adverse effect. He was treated with a high-dose steroid treatment (1 mg/kg prednisone), and complete remission was achieved after 3 weeks of treatment. The .gov means it’s official. On discharge, three out of those four had worsened kidney function and 2 had renal failure. He did not take any nephrotoxic agents and drank enough water, but his azotemia worsened. Altintepe L., Guney I., Tonbul Z., Turk S., Mazi M., Agca E., Yeksan M. Early and intensive fluid replacement prevents acute renal failure in the crush cases associated with spontaneous collapse of an apartment in Konya. However, limited data is available about the role of the influenza vaccine in the development of muscle syndromes, including rhabdomyolysis. Sixty-four vaccine recipients (0.3%) and six placebo recipients (0.1%) reported lymphadenopathy. If the diagnosis is rapidly established, the overall prognosis of this syndrome remains favorable. The aforementioned studies suggested that statin/fibrate therapy background in their cases resulted in the development of rhabdomyolysis while the vaccine acted as a trigger [[29], [30], [31]]. TMA refers to a spectrum of similar disease entities featured by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury, and can be caused by various etiologies [14]. The biopsy-proven diagnosis indicated newly developed kidney diseases: (1) IgA nephropathy presenting with painless gross hematuria, (2) minimal change disease presenting with nephrotic syndrome, (3) thrombotic microangiopathy, and (4) two cases of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis presenting with acute kidney injury. Each adverse event report can contain multiple symptoms related to the patient's clinical presentation or laboratory and imaging findings. government site. He was found … Laboratory studies showed CK of 7600 IU/L, and the LDH was 2828 IU/L. COVID-19 inflammation results in urine cytokine elevation and Background The Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis (SIADH) has been described to be associated with a multitude of conditions and medications, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Based on the serologic examination, her muscle enzyme levels were slightly increased (creatine phosphokinase 381 U/L, lactate dehydrogenase 427 U/L, and myoglobin 1180 ng/mL), and the serologic markers were all negative except for hepatitis B surface antigen. The Moderna vaccine was associated with more severe systemic adverse effects when compared to Pfizer. Nye N.S., Kasper K., Madsen C.M., Szczepanik M., Covey C.J., Oh R., Kane S., Beutler A.I., Leggit J.C., Deuster P.A., O'Connor F.G. Clinical practice guidelines for exertional rhabdomyolysis: a military medicine perspective. Categories of urologic symptoms after vaccination (Color version of the figure is available online.). (C) The glomerular lumina were occluded due to the thickening of the glomerular capillary wall with a few fibrin thrombi (arrow) (Masson’s trichrome, ×400). Interestingly, 75% of the adverse events with urologic symptoms were reported after the first dose. Ibrahim A.M., Manthri S., Soriano P.K., Bhatti V., Mamillapalli C.K. The need for COVID-19 vaccination, including booster shots, is being emphasized globally. Initially, the gap between the glomerular capillary endothelial cells and the GBM widens, leading to a thickening of the capillary wall. 2021 Apr 30. ), 2Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Korea; moc.liamg@2432mmik (M.-S.K. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted This is concerning as COVID-19 patients with concomitant rhabdomyolysis were found to have an increased risk of deterioration, increased risk of ICU admission (90.9% vs. 5.3%), increased mechanical ventilation (86.4% vs. 2.7%), and increased risk of in-hospital death [28]. Urinalysis revealed clear yellow urine with positivity for blood and protein but negativity for Red Blood Cells (RBCs). As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. COVID-19 vaccine, Rhabdomyolysis, Case report, Literature review. The development of ATIN is suggested to be caused by a T lymphocyte-mediated injury with an aberrant innate and consequent acquired immune response [21,22,23]. coronavirus vaccines Light microscopy revealed mesangial hypercellularity with increased mesangial matrix, cellular crescent, segmental sclerosis, and endocapillary proliferation. The same conclusion was reached by Plotkin et al. While these findings likely do not have any clinical implications, we chose to include them in this study to represent the entire spectrum of urologic symptoms reported in the VAERS. Electrolytes should be monitored frequently and corrected to prevent fatal ventricular arrhythmias and cardiovascular collapse. Case presentation: A 50-year-old African-American male presented to the hospital with decreased urine output, dark urine color, and constipation for the past … Considering that most rhabdomyolysis causes are reversible, most patients recover kidney function [12]. Out of 15,785 total adverse event reports in the VAERS related to COVID vaccines, only 0.7% (113) described a urologic symptom. Additionally, future vaccination policy efforts must include targeting the hesitancy surrounding vaccinations. Low Rates of Urologic Side Effects Following Coronavirus Disease ... Pfizer (n = 8183); Moderna (n = 30,420); J&J (n = 805). Influenza vaccine--a possible trigger of rhabdomyolysis induced acute renal failure due to the combined use of cerivastatin and bezafibrate. Follow-up lab results showed down-trending CPK and AST levels. WebThis study clarified the clinical features of gross hematuria after a COVID-19 vaccination. Puliatti S, Eissa A, Eissa R, Amato M, Mazzone E, Dell’Oglio P, et al. The causative agent should be eliminated if identified and feasible. The pathological findings indicated chronic thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). He … found no clinical or laboratory correlation between the influenza vaccine and the development of myopathy in patients taking statins [33]. Pathologic findings of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (patient 2). This limited information could delay the diagnosis and treatment of renal side effects after COVID-19 vaccination, resulting in a poor prognosis. Immunofluorescence revealed 3+ diffuse mesangial staining for IgA. study of 6 patients with COVID and Rhabdomyolysis, 5 out of 6 were male, and 3 out of 6 had no significant past medical history or medication use. Pathologic findings of minimal change disease. The informed consent was waived since the study was conducted as a retrospective review of medical records. Lai K.N. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Out of 15,785 adverse event reports, only 0.7% (113) described urologic symptoms. WebWe collected urine samples from COVID-19 patients, including patients with CAC, and found elevation of proinflammatory cytokines also in the urine. National Library of Medicine Geng Y., Ma Q., Du Y.S., Peng N., Yang T., Zhang S.Y., Wu F.F., Lin H.L., Su L. Rhabdomyolysis is associated with in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19. Because there was no obvious progression to severe renal dysfunction, safety of the … The vaccine manufacturer and the associated dose number was recorded. Electron microscopy: (D) The tubular casts have electron dense granules (×8000, 80 kv). and transmitted securely. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. For example, 3 adverse events reported a symptom of “Renal Cyst” because the patients were incidentally found to have renal cysts on abdominal imaging following vaccination. I’m not a doctor and I can’t answer everything but I can tell you why I decided to get the COVID-19 vaccine and my experience with it. and S.-H.P. Widespread use of vaccinations worldwide in the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in various side effects. https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#cases_totalcases, Myalgia, Anosmia,M Loss of Appetite, Recurrent Anaphylaxis, Fever, Cough then Lower limb pain and weakness (after Day 9), SOB, New Mitral Regurgitation due to chordae rupture, Hypotension, Hypoxia and Altered Mental Status, Intermittent fever, severe myalgia, muscle weakness, dark urine, 2 weeks of asthenia, Bilateral lower extremity weakness, Dry cough. ); rk.ca.unk@gnuj-yh (H.-Y.J. Light microscopy revealed diffuse thickening of the capillary wall with capillary loop doubling and hyaline thrombi in the glomeruli with intact tubule and interstitium. Why is it so hard to investigate the rare side effects of COVID vaccines? 2. 54% of the reports were about female patients. Various vaccines against COVID-19 have been developed and proven to be effective, but their side effects, especially on kidney function, are not yet known in detail. [cited 2021 May 12, 2021]. 6, 7 … Your urine might also be darker after a sweaty workout. (E) The glomerulus shows cellular crescent with endocapillary hypercellularity (periodic acid–Schiff, ×400). and transmitted securely. In our patient, rhabdomyolysis was evident by clinical picture with muscular pain and laboratory confirmation showing markedly elevated CPK levels. Five patients aged 42 to 77 years were included in this study, and baseline kidney function was normal in all patients. Visualization, M.-S.K. Rhabdomyolysis is a clinical syndrome characterized by skeletal muscle injury and necrosis with subsequent release of its intracellular components into the bloodstream. If you have dark yellow or orange pee, it's probably because you aren't well-hydrated. Serologic evaluation revealed no specific abnormalities in viral markers or autoantibodies. Callado et al. Notably, Type II pneumocyte cytoplasm in early stages and colonic mucosa in COVID-19 patients presented with diarrhea contained the viral particles [19]. Therefore, special attention is required for the onset of kidney disease symptoms in recently vaccinated patients, such as foamy urine, hematuria, and edema. Light microscopy revealed massive inflammatory cell infiltration in the interstitium and tubular epithelium. Physical examination was positive for tenderness to the paraspinal lumbar area upon palpation. A kidney biopsy was performed 28 days after the vaccination, and the results are shown in Figure 4. However, this suggests the need for CK monitoring in all SARS-CoV2 patients to screen for rhabdomyolysis. In addition, many of the symptoms we identified are common in the general population. Herein we present the first case of COVID-19 vaccine-induced rhabdomyolysis to help clinicians easily identify such a problem in newly vaccinated patients. Because of the limitations with report submissions and event descriptions, we cannot create a direct connection between the vaccination and the symptom. Pre-fusion structure of a human coronavirus spike protein. Urinary Viral Shedding of COVID-19 and its Clinical ... - PubMed This means you aren't drinking enough water or getting fluids from other sources. Fabritiis et al. Hamming I., Timens W., Bulthuis M.L., Lely A.T., Navis G., van Goor H. Tissue distribution of ACE2 protein, the functional receptor for SARS coronavirus. Although we could not confirm causality between vaccinations and these phenomena, in this time of mass vaccination, clinicians need to consider the possibility that vaccines may have provoked kidney diseases in patients who have renal symptoms. She had received two doses of the mRNA-1273 vaccine with a 4-week interval. 4 serious adverse events were reported among vaccine recipients to include shoulder injury, right axillary lymphadenopathy, paroxysmal ventricular arrhythmia, and right leg paresthesia [9]. COVID This is in line with the pharmacovigilance plan for COVID-19 vaccines of the EU regulatory These symptoms were grouped into five different categories: Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (n = 34, 22%), Hematuria (n = 22, 14%), Urinary Infection (n = 41, 26%), Skin and/or Soft Tissue (n = 16, 10%), and Other (n = 43, 28%). An official website of the United States government. Non–specific complaints of pain including flank pain (n = 19), groin pain (n = 4), pelvic pain (n = 5), and suprapubic pain (n = 2) were also excluded as the event descriptions did not contain any urologic details. Writing and original draft preparation: J.-H.L. Some new-onset or relapse MCD cases after COVID-19 vaccination were reported, and most of them responded well to the high-dose steroid treatment and showed rapid remission [4,10,11,12,13]. Khubchandani J., Sharma S., Price J.H., Wiblishauser M.J., Sharma M., Webb F.J. COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy in the United States: a rapid national assessment. Global funding across U.S. COVID-19 supplemental funding bills; p. 2021. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error. Obstetrical and gynecologic symptoms were also excluded. She received her first dose of the AZD1222 vaccine 5 days prior to her visit, and general weakness and gastrointestinal discomfort were observed 2 days later. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. aMedicine Department, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai / NYC Health + Hospitals Queens, New York, USA, bNew York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine, NYC, USA, cSt. In this study, we report the clinical courses and histopathologic findings of new-onset kidney diseases after COVID-19 vaccination as confirmed via kidney biopsy. Urologic symptoms were then classified into relevant categories. Figure 1 In the Finsterer et al. On the other hand, Chazan et al. 4 8600 Rockville Pike Plotkin E., Bernheim J., Ben-Chetrit S., Mor A., Korzets Z. TTP episodes were seen mostly after BNT162b2 vaccine (after first dose, n = 12; after second dose, n = 7), followed by mRNA-1273 vaccine (after first dose, n = 2; after second dose, n = 4). (C) The glomerulus shows endocapillary hypercellularity with focal loss of capillary penetrations (periodic acid methenamine silver, ×400). Six weeks later, his serum creatinine level was decreased to 1.89 mg/dL, and his spot urine protein-to-creatinine ratio was 0.3 g/g. In addition to these efforts, several emergency supplemental bills have been enacted to address the COVID-19 pandemic, many of which detail procedural measures for the manufacturing and distribution of vaccines [6]. 2 clarify that while both CK and myoglobin levels are monitored, Myoglobin levels are less useful in diagnosing rhabdomyolysis due to increased false-negative results, caused by myoglobin's short half-life [23]. Each urologic symptom was then queried through the CDC WONDER tool to obtain specific details about the related adverse event report. The thickness of glomerular basememt membrane was normal (×2500, 80 kv). 5 Given that the number of vaccinations will continue to dramatically increase in the following months, urologists should be aware of potential genitourinary side effects of the vaccine. COVID (H) Deposition of fibrinogen in the glomerular intracapillary area with entrapped cellular debris was noticed (×5000, 80 kv). They found that about half of the people with mild to moderate cases of COVID-19 were shedding viral genetic material in their feces within a week after they tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. 5 While the current literature suggests that there may be urologic manifestations of COVID-19 infections, our investigation of the VAERS finds that urologic symptoms reported after COVID-19 vaccination are rare.1 These results suggest that the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines are safe from a urologic standpoint and can provide reassurance and help counsel providers and patients, especially as vaccination efforts continue to grow. Electron microscopy: (H) Numerous large electron-dense deposits in the mesangial areas with focal foot process effacement in the capillary surface were observed (×6000, 80 kv). reported in their study that COVID-19 vaccination was associated with glomerulonephritis, and 5 out of 13 patients were diagnosed with IgA nephropathy (4 new-onset and 1 relapse) [4]. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a significant impact on the health, economic and political systems in 2020, and by the end of the year, hope was born with the introduction of COVID-19 vaccines aiming at ending the pandemic. Most deaths have occurred amongst elderly nursing home residents in need of … De novo and relapsing glomerular diseases after COVID-19 vaccination: What do we know so far? Acute kidney injury and thrombocytopenia gradually and spontaneously resolved, the serum creatinine level decreased to 0.65 mg/dL, and the spot urine protein-to-creatinine ratio was 1.0 g/g 8 weeks after the vaccination. Most clinicians use an arbitrary CK value of five times the upper limit of normal to guide therapy. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help also reported a case of TMA after the BNT162b2 vaccination [17]. Influenza vaccine-induced rhabdomyolysis leading to acute renal transplant dysfunction. Her symptoms did not improve, and 1 week after the vaccination, her serum creatinine level was increased from 0.98 mg/dL to 10.75 mg/dL, and her bicarbonate level was decreased to 8.2 mmol/L. Zhao A., Tan M., Maung A., Salifu M., Mallappallil M. Rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury requiring dialysis as a result of concomitant use of atypical neuroleptics and synthetic cannabinoids. Inequity and insufficient funding have led low and middle-income countries to suffer. These symptoms came from 113 unique adverse event reports. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus with viral spike glycoproteins, and the studied mechanism has contributed significantly to vaccination efforts and public health initiatives [1]. In reaching its conclusion, the committee took into consideration all currently available evidence, including the advice from an ad hoc expert group. Funding acquisition, J.-H.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. We organized the urologic symptoms into 5 different categories: Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (n = 34, 22%), Hematuria (n = 22, 14%), Urinary Infection (n = 41, 26%), Skin and/or Soft Tissue (n = 16, 10%), and Other (n = 43, 28%). Light microscopy: (A) In low magnification, no tubular atrophy or interstitial fibrosis was present (hematoxylin and eosin, ×40). (D) The glomerulus shows segmental glomerulosclerosis (Masson’s trichrome, ×400). Bach M., Lim P.P., Azok J., Ruda Wessell K., Desai A.P., Dirajlal-Fargo S. Anaphylaxis and rhabdomyolysis: a presentation of a pediatric patient with COVID-19. Various hypotheses were developed to explain the mechanism of vaccine-induced rhabdomyolysis. These narrow the vascular lumen, especially for microvessels, and lead to occlusion. Hereditary myopathies were not excluded [25]. Reports on deaths So far, 119 reports of deaths after vaccination have been assessed. Immune checkpoint inhibitor (nivolumab)-associated kidney injury and the importance of recognizing concomitant medications known to cause acute tubulointerstitial nephritis: A case report. Later in his hospital course, he had AKI, persistent oliguria, and pulmonary edema that required renal replacement therapy. Recently, a Netherlands registry study showed podocyte-associated punctate polyclonal IgG deposits in MCD after COVID-19 vaccination, so B cell activation may also contribute to the onset of MCD to some degree [10]. In addition, vaccines with different mechanisms and dosing schedules will need to be carefully monitored.8 Further tracking of the VAERS database will help elucidate these questions. COVID 8600 Rockville Pike Khosla S.G., Nylen E.S., Khosla R. Rhabdomyolysis in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection: five case series. He described it as a 5 to 10 out of 10 sharp pain located at his mid to lower back with radiation to his left lateral thigh. Experts and scientists as well as government officials are doing their best to allay fears in the minds of the people regarding the safety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccines. Vaccines sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal Finsterer J., Scorza F. SARS-CoV-2 associated rhabdomyolysis in 32 patients. Pertinent lab results included Creatinine Phosphokinase (CPK) level more than 22,000 U/L (normal range 20–190 U/L), Aldolase 97.8 U/L (normal range 3.3–10.3 U/L), alanine aminotransferase 165 U/L (normal range 0–41 U/L), aspartate aminotransferase 675 U/L (normal range 5–40 U/L), high sensitive C-reactive protein 6.4 mg/L (normal range < 5.0 mg/L) and Lactate dehydrogenase 1525 U/L (normal range 135–225U/L). The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Kyungpook National University Hospital (2022-01-003). Adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines and measures to prevent them However, COVID-19 vaccines are known to cause new-onset or relapsing glomerular diseases due to potent immune dysregulation, and various therapeutic responses have been reported [4,5]. COVID-19 vaccines induce severe hemolysis in paroxysmal … after COVID In addition, urine myoglobin can be high, and muscle biopsy can confirm the diagnosis, although it is rarely needed [13].
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