peter cordeiro romanov

In 1919, Maria Fyodorovna, widow of Alexander III, and mother of Nicholas II, managed to escape Russia aboard HMS Marlborough, which her nephew, King George V of the United Kingdom, had sent to rescue her, at the urging of his own mother, Queen Alexandra, who was Maria's elder sister. [32] Their Brownie cameras and photographic equipment were confiscated. The Romanovs' fortunes again changed dramatically with the fall of the Godunov dynasty in June 1605. [44], The guard commandant and his senior aides had complete access at any time to all rooms occupied by the family. In 1613, Mikhail Romanov became the first Romanov czar of Russia, following a fifteen-year period of political upheaval after the fall of Russia’s medieval Rurik dynasty. Падение Романовых — Википедия [124] 44 partial bone fragments from both corpses were found in August 2007. They first came to power in 1613, and over the next three centuries, 18 Romanovs took the Russian throne, including Peter the Great, Catherine the Great, Alexander I and Nicholas II. The Romanov family was the last imperial dynasty to rule Russia. His fourth son, Prince Oleg died in battle in 1914. [38] The second palisade was constructed after it was learned that passersby could see Nicholas's legs when he used the double swing in the garden. [13] The Soviet Union did not acknowledge the existence of these remains publicly until 1989 during the glasnost period. [32] They were forbidden to speak any language other than Russian[33] and were not permitted access to their luggage, which was stored in a warehouse in the interior courtyard. Leonid was kept in the Popov House that night. However, the direct male blood line of the Romanov Dynasty ended when Elizabeth of Russia died in 1762, and Peter III, followed . Murder of the Romanov family - Wikipedia His eldest son, Nicholas, became emperor upon Alexander III's death due to kidney disease at age 49 in November 1894. [16] In 2007, a second, smaller grave which contained the remains of the two Romanov children missing from the larger grave, was discovered by amateur archaeologists;[17][13] they were confirmed to be the remains of Alexei and a sister—either Anastasia or Maria—by DNA analysis. They must have been, and Maria could not have such bras, as they were made in Tobolsk when she was gone, to think that these bras were worn by someone else It would be ridiculous. Alexei, the only son and heir to the throne, suffered from severe hemophilia, and was often confined to bed. Alexandra—with a brusque demeanor and distaste for Russian culture—was disliked by most of the Russian people. While several members of the imperial family managed to stay on good terms with the Provisional Government and were eventually able to leave Russia, Nicholas II and his family were sent into exile in the Siberian town of Tobolsk by Alexander Kerensky in August 1917. [43] An iron grille was installed on 11 July, after Alexandra had ignored repeated warnings from the commandant, Yakov Yurovsky, not to stand too close to the open window. His poor handling of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, subsequent 1905 uprising of Russian Workers—known as Bloody Sunday—and Russia’s involvement in World War I hastened the fall of the Russian Empire. Following the 1905 assassination of her husband, Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich, Elisabeth Fyodorovna had ceased living as a member of the Imperial family and took up life as a serving nun, but was nonetheless arrested and slated for death with other Romanovs. Person Page - thePeerage.com For Orders : +91 9811173463.For Enquries : +91 9811173463. Lenin was, however, aware of Vasily Yakovlev's decision to take Nicholas, Alexandra and Maria further on to Omsk instead of Yekaterinburg in April 1918, having become worried about the extremely threatening behavior of the Ural Soviets in Tobolsk and along the Trans-Siberian Railway. [58] There were four machine gun emplacements: one in the bell tower of the Voznesensky Cathedral aimed toward the house; a second in the basement window of the Ipatiev House facing the street; a third monitoring the balcony overlooking the garden at the back of the house;[43] and a fourth in the attic overlooking the intersection, directly above the tsar and tsarina's bedroom. [12] The archaeologists stated that the bones were from a boy who approximately between the ages of 10 and 13 years at the time of his death and of a young woman who was between the ages of 18 and 23 years old. [179], On Thursday, 26 August 2010, a Russian court ordered prosecutors to reopen an investigation into the murder of Tsar Nicholas II and his family, although the Bolsheviks believed to have shot them in 1918 had died long before. The house became boyars (the highest rank in Russian nobility) of the Grand Duchy of Moscow and later of the Tsardom of Russia under the reigning Rurik dynasty, which became extinct upon the death of Tsar Feodor I in 1598. These claimed to be by a monarchist officer seeking to rescue the family, but were composed at the behest of the Cheka. The investigation concluded that Alexei and one Romanov daughter were missing. The centerpiece is the coat of arms of Moscow that contains the iconic Saint George the Dragon-slayer with a blue cape (cloak) attacking golden serpent on red field. "[77] The prisoners were told to wait in the cellar room while the truck that would transport them was being brought to the House. The bodies were again loaded onto the Fiat truck, which by then had been extricated from the mud. Her German ancestry and her devotion to Russian mystic Grigori Rasputin contributed to her unpopularity. [90][94], The noise of the guns had been heard by households all around, awakening many people. [102] Only Alexei's spaniel, Joy, survived to be rescued by a British officer of the Allied Intervention Force,[104] living out his final days in Windsor, Berkshire. Historical reconstruction series "Romanovs" – First Channel, Star Media, Babich Design (2013). [65] These fabricated letters, along with the Romanov responses to them (written on either blank spaces or the envelopes),[66] provided the Central Executive Committee (CEC) in Moscow with further justification to 'liquidate' the imperial family. Her married name became Romanoff. On 21 February 1613, a Zemsky Sobor elected Michael Romanov as Tsar of Russia, establishing the Romanovs as Russia's second reigning dynasty. [4] The bodies were taken to the Koptyaki forest, where they were stripped, buried, and mutilated with grenades to prevent identification. [177][178] The rehabilitation was denounced by the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, vowing the decision will "sooner or later be corrected". The basement where the Romanov family was killed. The remains of Nicholas, Alexandra and three of their children were excavated in a forest near Yekaterinburg in 1991 and positively identified two years later using DNA analysis. As for Nicholas II, scientists used mtDNA heteroplasmy using samples from Princes Xenia Cheremeteff Sfiri and the Duke of Fife. It reported that the monarch had been executed on the order of Uralispolkom under pressure posed by the approach of the Czechoslovaks.[164]. To prevent a repetition of the fraternization that had occurred under Avdeev, Yurovsky chose mainly foreigners. In particular, the grand duchesses were scandalized at the prospect of deferring to a woman who had borne Alexander several children during his wife's lifetime. The Time of Troubles, caused by the resulting succession crisis, saw several pretenders and impostors (False Dmitris) fight for the crown during the Polish–Muscovite War of 1605–1618. By July, the White army was advancing on Yekaterinburg. [25], On the afternoon of 19 July, Filipp Goloshchyokin announced at the Opera House on Glavny Prospekt that "Nicholas the bloody" had been shot and his family taken to another place. [104], The White Army investigator Nikolai Sokolov erroneously claimed that the executions of the Imperial Family was carried out by a group of "Latvians led by a Jew". "[90] Yurovsky quickly repeated the order and the weapons were raised. [4] However, the terms "Romanov" and "House of Romanov" often occurred in official references to the Russian imperial family. Yet neither was crowned; Constantine renounced the throne before his brother’s death, and Michael deferred his acceptance of the throne, effectively ending the monarchy. In April and May 1918, members of the Romanov family were relocated to Ipatiev House—a merchant’s house in Yekaterinburg. All Rights Reserved. [42] The guards were ordered to increase their surveillance accordingly, and the prisoners were warned not to look out of the window or attempt to signal to anyone outside, on pain of being shot. We strive for accuracy and fairness. The gunmen then proceeded to shoot each family member once again. [149] However, in light of Plotnikov's research, the group that carried out the execution consisted almost entirely of ethnic Russians (Nikulin, Medvedev (Kudrin), Ermakov, Vaganov, Kabanov, Medvedev and Netrebin) with the participation of one Jew (Yurovsky) and possibly, one Latvian (Ya.M. [124] Alexei Trupp's body was tossed in first, followed by the Tsar's and then the rest. (646) 227-3813. 2 March] 1917 as a result of the February Revolution ended 304 years of Romanov rule and led to the establishing of the Russian Republic under the Russian Provisional Government in the lead-up to the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922. She believed the self-proclaimed holy man could cure her son Alexei’s chronic illness. Three days after the murders, Yurovsky personally reported to Lenin on the events of that night and was rewarded with an appointment to the Moscow City Cheka. 1. "He has been shot." Alix, who would later take the name Alexandra Feodorovna, was a granddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom. Only then did Yurovsky discover that the pit was less than 3 metres (9.8 ft) deep and the muddy water below did not fully submerge the corpses as he had expected. Alexander, fearful of the fate which had befallen his father, strengthened autocratic rule in Russia. There, the family and servants were arranged in two rows for a photograph they were told was being taken to quell rumors that they had escaped. He ordered additional trucks to be sent out to Koptyaki whilst assigning Pyotr Voykov to obtain barrels of petrol, kerosene and sulphuric acid, and plenty of dry firewood. He took the name Michael I. Michael I’s grandson Peter I, also known as Peter the Great, transformed Russia from a landlocked state into one of Europe’s largest empires. Many saw him as a religious charlatan. [1] In numerous successful wars he expanded the tsardom into a huge empire that became a major European power. [39], The windows in all the family's rooms were sealed shut and covered with newspapers (later painted with whitewash on 15 May). [1] Nicholas I fathered four sons, educating them for the prospect of ruling Russia and for military careers, from whom the last branches of the dynasty descended. [59][167] However, only the final resting places of Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna and her faithful companion Sister Varvara Yakovleva are known today, buried alongside each other in the Church of Mary Magdalene in Jerusalem. The House of Romanov[b] (also transliterated Romanoff; Russian: Романовы, tr. [78] There is no documentary record of an answer from Moscow, although Yurovsky insisted that an order from the CEC to go ahead had been passed on to him by Goloshchyokin at around 7 pm. [170] After forensic examination[171] and DNA identification (partly aided by mitochondrial DNA samples from Prince Philip, a great-nephew of Alexandra),[172] the bodies were laid to rest with state honors in the St. Catherine Chapel of the Peter and Paul Cathedral in Saint Petersburg, where most other Russian monarchs since Peter the Great lie. [25] In all such decisions Lenin regularly insisted that no written evidence be preserved. After the Tsar was deposed and his family murdered, their jewels and jewelry became the property of the new Soviet government. Others[who?] Government corruption was rampant and the Russian economy was severely battered by World War I. The next day, Yakov departed for Moscow with a report to Sverdlov. Updated: August 30, 2022 | Original: September 21, 2017. However, Moscow's Basmanny Court ordered the re-opening of the case, saying that a Supreme Court ruling blaming the state for the killings made the deaths of the actual gunmen irrelevant, according to a lawyer for the Tsar's relatives and local news agencies. He served as Chief of the Plastic and Reconstructive Surgical Service at Memorial Sloan Kettering for 15 years. – 1941. Here on the night of 16–17 July 1918, the entire Russian Imperial Romanov family along with several of their retainers were executed by Bolshevik revolutionaries, most likely on the orders of Vladimir Lenin. Their brother Alexei would have been 14 within two weeks of his murder. The basement room chosen for this purpose had a barred window which was nailed shut to muffle the sound of shooting and in case of any screaming. [14], On 29 July 2007, another amateur group of local enthusiasts found the small pit containing the remains of Alexei and his sister, located in two small bonfire sites not far from the main grave on the Koptyaki Road. Despite his popularity, however, his family life began to unravel by the mid-1860s. The Romanov Family Association (RFA) formed in 1979, a private organization of most living male-line descendants of Emperor Paul I of Russia (other than Maria Vladimirovna and her son), publicly acknowledges that dynastic claims of family members should not be advanced, and is officially committed to support which ever form of government chosen by the Russian people.[13]. Not expected to inherit the throne, he was educated in matters of state only after the death of his older brother, Nicholas. Their earliest common ancestor is one Andrei Kobyla, attested around 1347 as a boyar in the service of Semyon I of Moscow. In April and May 1918, members of the Romanov family were relocated to Ipatiev House—a merchant’s house in Yekaterinburg. Yurovsky watched in disbelief as Nikulin spent an entire magazine from his Browning gun on Alexei, who was still seated transfixed in his chair; he also had jewels sewn into his undergarment and forage cap. The excavation uncovered the following items in the two pits which formed a "T": Geneticists used a combination of autosomal STR and mtDNA sequencing to detect relationships between the family members' remains. The local Cheka chose replacements from the volunteer battalions of the Verkh-Isetsk factory at Yurovsky's request. Grand Duchess Olga - Biography - IMDb For other uses, see, The Romanovs visiting a regiment during World War I. The House of Romanov (also transliterated Romanoff; Russian: Романовы, tr. [91] The last to die were Tatiana, Anastasia, and Maria, who were carrying a few pounds (over 1.3 kilograms) of diamonds sewn into their clothing, which had given them a degree of protection from the firing. In later years, a campaign by Russian Emperor Alexander I represented a turning point in the Napoleonic Wars. This was an attempt to secure the line of her father, while excluding descendants of Peter the Great from inheriting the throne. READ MORE: The Romanov Family Tree: Real Descendants and Wannabes. [citation needed] The only exceptions, the morganatic descendants of the Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich (1891–1942), took (in exile) the surname Ilyinsky. Peter Cordeiro b. Dec 1994 Jose Cordeiro M, #65785 Last Edited=18 Sep 2002 Jose Cordeiro married Olga Kulikovsky, daughter of Tikhon Kulikovsky and Livia Sebesteyn, in 1994 at Hamilton, Ontario, Canada G. Child of Jose Cordeiro and Olga Kulikovsky Peter Cordeiro b. Dec 1994 The 1944 edition of the Almanach de Gotha records the name of Russia's ruling dynasty from the time of Peter III (reigned 1761–1762) as "Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov". Anderson was sent to an asylum where she told fellow patients she was the Grand Duchess Anastasia. Near the end of his life, Peter managed to alter the succession tradition of male heirs, allowing him to choose his heir. After the revolution, civil war between the Bolshevik “Red” army and the anti-Bolshevik “White” Russian forces broke out in June. All rumors are only lies of capitalist press." All articles are regularly reviewed and updated by the HISTORY.com team. [120] Yurovsky and Goloshchyokin, along with several Cheka agents, returned to the mineshaft at about 4 am on the morning of 18 July. [57] Yurovsky always kept watch during the liturgy and while the housemaids were cleaning the bedrooms with the family. Get HISTORY’s most fascinating stories delivered to your inbox three times a week. In 2008, after considerable and protracted legal wrangling, the Russian Prosecutor General's office rehabilitated the Romanov family as "victims of political repressions". [15] The funeral was not attended by key members of the Russian Orthodox Church, who disputed the authenticity of the remains. Updated: August 30, 2022 | Original: September 21, 2017. [84], While the Romanovs were having dinner on 16 July 1918, Yurovsky entered the sitting room and informed them that kitchen boy Leonid Sednev was leaving to meet his uncle, Ivan Sednev, who had returned to the city asking to see him; Ivan had already been shot by the Cheka. Yurovsky returned to the forest at 10 pm on 18 July. Tsardom of Kazan, the coat of arms of Kazan that contains black crowned. The jewelry was allegedly turned over to the Swedish embassy in St. Petersburg in November 1918 by Duchess Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin to keep it safe. Trotsky wrote: My next visit to Moscow took place after the fall of Yekaterinburg. [1] In 1762, shortly after the death of Empress Elizabeth, Sophia, who had taken the Russian name Catherine upon her marriage, overthrew her unpopular husband, with the aid of her lover, Grigory Orlov. His descendants took the surname Koshkin, then changed it to Zakharin, which family later split into two branches: Zakharin-Yakovlev and Zakharin-Yuriev. peter cordeiro romanov [32] The number of Ipatiev House guards totaled 300 at the time the imperial family was killed. [16] The Russian president Boris Yeltsin described the murder of the royal family as one of the most shameful chapters in Russian history. Mini Bio (1) His Imperial Highness Tsarevich Alexei Nikolaevich Romanov was born on August 12, 1904, in the Peterhof Palace, St. Petersburg, Russia. [119], Sergey Chutskaev [ru] of the local Soviet told Yurovsky of some deeper copper mines west of Yekaterinburg, the area remote and swampy and a grave there less likely to be discovered. volume between curves calculator; binax now covid test expiration extension; climax of rich people problem; Menu. [51] In mid-June, nuns from the Novo-Tikhvinsky Monastery also brought the family food on a daily basis, most of which the captors took when it arrived. His poor handling of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, subsequent 1905 uprising of Russian Workers—known as Bloody Sunday—and Russia’s involvement in World War I hastened the fall of the Russian Empire. Ivan VI was only a one-year-old infant at the time of his succession to the throne, and his parents, Grand Duchess Anna Leopoldovna and Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick, the ruling regent, were detested for their German counselors and relations. Prince Andrew Romanoff (born Andrew Andreevich Romanov; 21 January 1923 - 28 November 2021), a grand-nephew of Nicholas II, and a great-great-grandson of Nicholas I, was the Head of the House of . The attempted looting, coupled with Ermakov's incompetence and drunken state, convinced Yurovsky to oversee the disposal of the bodies himself. have argued in support of the rights of the late Prince Nicholas Romanov, whose brother Prince Dimitri Romanov was the next male heir of his branch after whom it was passed to Prince Andrew Romanov and then to his son Prince Alexis Romanoff. Konstantin other son, Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia, had 6 sons and 2 daughters. Sokolov's report was banned. [122] The impending return of Bolshevik forces in July 1919 forced him to evacuate, and he brought the box containing the relics he recovered. We strive for accuracy and fairness. [74] He was under pressure to ensure that no remains would later be found by monarchists who would exploit them to rally anti-communist support. The Grand Duchess claim to the throne is based on a claim that all male lines of Romanov are either extinct, illegitimate, or morganatic. [130], Sokolov ultimately failed to find the concealed burial site on the Koptyaki Road; he photographed the spot as evidence of where the Fiat truck had become stuck on the morning of 19 July. Yurovsky was furious when he discovered that the drunken Ermakov had brought only one shovel for the burial. READ MORE: The Romanov Family Tree: Real Descendants and Wannabes. Olga sustained a gunshot wound to the head. He took the name Michael I. Michael I’s grandson Peter I, also known as Peter the Great, transformed Russia from a landlocked state into one of Europe’s largest empires. [45] Ten guard posts were located in and around the Ipatiev House, and the exterior was patrolled twice hourly day and night. [9], In 1979, amateur sleuth Alexander Avdonin discovered the burial site. Peter and Paul Fortress, to be buried beside that of her husband. This strategy proved successful. Romanovy, IPA: [rɐˈmanəvɨ]) was the reigning imperial house of Russia from 1613 to 1917. [27] The remaining collection is on view today in the Kremlin Armoury in Moscow. [73] Goloshchyokin reported back to Yekaterinburg on 12 July with a summary of his discussion about the Romanovs with Moscow,[64] along with instructions that nothing relating to their deaths should be directly communicated to Lenin. Following the murder of the Romanov family, the Bolsheviks made several attempts to dispose of the bodies. This branch could be considered the worst affected branch from the World War I and the Russian Civil War. The 55 volumes of Lenin's Collected Works as well as the memoirs of those who directly took part in the murders were scrupulously censored, emphasizing the roles of Sverdlov and Goloshchyokin. [citation needed] Alexei's elder sisters Olga and Tatiana were 22 and 21 years old at the time of the murder respectively. 29–30 May 2008", "DNA proves Bolsheviks killed all of Russian czar's children", "Mystery Solved: The Identification of the Two Missing Romanov Children Using DNA Analysis", "Romanov family executed, ending a 300-year imperial dynasty- HISTORY", "The End of a Dynasty: The Death of the Romanov Family", "Anatomical appraisal of the skulls and teeth associated with the family of Tsar Nicolay Romanov", "Nicholas and Alexandra (February 5, 1996) - Library of Congress Information Bulletin", "17 July 1998: The funeral of Tsar Nicholas II", "The Representative of Romanov family in the Russian Federation does not exclude the possibility of transferring from China to Russia the remains of Alapayevsk martyrs", "La Embajada de la Federación de Rusia en la República Oriental del Uruguay", "From St. Petersburg to Toronto: The Life of Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna (1882–1960)", "Treasures of Imperial Russia on display in Moscow and St. Petersburg", "Russian Jewels Found at Foreign Ministry", Bibliography of Russian history (1613–1917). [80] Yurovsky and Pavel Medvedev collected 14 handguns to use that night: two Browning pistols (one M1900 and one M1906), two Colt M1911 pistols, two Mauser C96s, one Smith & Wesson, and seven Belgian-made Nagants. [citation needed]. Lenin saw the House of Romanov as "monarchist filth, a 300-year disgrace",[155] and referred to Nicholas II in conversation and in his writings as "the most evil enemy of the Russian people, a bloody executioner, an Asiatic gendarme" and "a crowned robber. [69] Only seven of the 23 members of the Central Executive Committee were in attendance, three of whom were Lenin, Sverdlov and Felix Dzerzhinsky. The period of Catherine’s rule—1762 to 1796—is often called the Golden Age of the Russian Empire. [159][160] Soviet historiography portrayed Nicholas as a weak and incompetent leader whose decisions led to military defeats and the deaths of millions of his subjects,[161] while Lenin's reputation was protected at all costs, thus ensuring that no discredit was brought on him; responsibility for the 'liquidation' of the Romanov family was directed at the Ural Soviets and Yekaterinburg Cheka. Nicholas was forbidden to wear epaulettes, and the sentries scrawled lewd drawings on the fence to offend his daughters. [5][115] Once the bodies were "completely naked" they were dumped into a mineshaft and doused with sulphuric acid to disfigure them beyond recognition. In the mid-1970’s, Dr. Alexander Avdonin discovered the mass grave containing the remains of Nicholas II, Alexandra Feodorovna, and three of five Romanov children. Constantine Pavlovich and Michael Alexandrovich, both morganatically married, are occasionally counted among Russia's emperors by historians who observe that the Russian monarchy did not legally permit interregnums. The Crown Prince Alexei and one Romanov daughter were not accounted for, fueling the persistent legend that Anastasia, the youngest Romanov daughter, had survived the execution of her family. Not only is Kobyla Russian for "mare", some of his relatives also had as nicknames the terms for horses and other domestic animals, thus suggesting descent from one of the royal equerries. All articles are regularly reviewed and updated by the HISTORY.com team. [1] Having previously seized some jewelry, he suspected more was hidden in their clothes;[35] the bodies were stripped naked in order to obtain the rest (this, along with the mutilations were aimed at preventing investigators from identifying them). [79] This claim was consistent with that of a former Kremlin guard, Aleksey Akimov, who in the late 1960s stated that Sverdlov instructed him to send a telegram confirming the CEC's approval of the 'trial' (code for execution) but required that both the written form and ticker tape be returned to him immediately after the message was sent. © 2023, A&E Television Networks, LLC. The remains of the family were discovered in a mass grave in the Ural Mountains in 1991. Pavel Medvedev, head of the Ipatiev House guard and one of the key figures in the murders,[58] was captured by the White Army in Perm in February 1919. But by 1917, most Russians had lost all faith in the leadership ability of the czar. [4] His legitimization of their children, and rumors that he was contemplating crowning his new wife as empress, caused tension within the dynasty. Her mysterious death in 1560 changed Ivan's character for the worse. Descendants and relatives of the Dowager Empress attended, including her great-grandson Prince Michael Andreevich, Princess Catherine Ioannovna of Russia, the last living member of the Imperial Family born before the fall of the dynasty,[23] and Prince Dmitri and Prince Nicholas Romanov. During his interrogation he denied taking part in the murders, and died in prison of typhus. The Russian Prosecutor General's main investigative unit said it had formally closed a criminal investigation into the killing of Nicholas because too much time had elapsed since the crime and because those responsible had died. The Fall of the Romanoffs) — американский исторический фильм-биография 1917 года, снятый и выпущенный в прокат между Февральской и Октябрьской революциями в России. In 2007, Grand Duchess Anastasia Romanov’s death was released with her son-in-law informed. Mystery Solved: The Identification of The Two Missing Romanov Children Using DNA Analysis, PLoS One. Members of the Presidium of the Ural Executive Council: number of people claimed to be survivors of the ill-fated family, Communist Party of the Russian Federation, Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine (1864–1918), "A Playwright Applies His Craft To Czar Nicholas II's Last Days", "From the archive, 22 July 1918: Ex-tsar Nicholas II executed", "Sleuths say they've found the last Romanovs", "Russia reopens criminal case on 1918 Romanov royal family murders", – Москва : Советская энциклопедия, 1926–. They included: Grand Duke Sergei Mikhailovich of Russia, Prince Ioann Konstantinovich of Russia, Prince Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia, Prince Igor Konstantinovich of Russia and Prince Vladimir Pavlovich Paley, Grand Duke Sergei's secretary Varvara Yakovleva, and Grand Duchess Elisabeth Fyodorovna, a granddaughter of Queen Victoria and elder sister of Tsarina Alexandra. 85K Followers, 707 Following, 204 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from Roman Khodorov (@roman_khodorov) [41] In early May, the guards moved the piano from the dining room, where the prisoners could play it, to the commandant's office next to the Romanovs' bedrooms. In an attempt to refine the results of the investigation, Russian authorities exhumed the remains of Nicholas II’s brother, George Alexandrovich. [112] Yurovsky maintained control of the situation with great difficulty, eventually getting Ermakov's men to shift some of the bodies from the truck onto the carts.
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