benishangul gumuz sudan

The regional government announced the signing of an agreement with the militia group on 18 May in Gilgel Beles town. In the latest episode, witnesses said that men of the Gumuz ethnic group, armed with rifles and swords, stormed into Daletti village early Tuesday. UNHCR, partners rush to aid thousands of refugees in Benishangul Gumuz ... In addition, the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF) - supported by the Eritrean People's Liberation Front, which in the meantime had advanced far south from Eritrea - also fought for the area in the Ethiopian civil war in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Partners are also responding with mental health and psychosocial services, as well as to gender-based-violence (GBV), at the transit center and POE in Metema, although with limited human resource at the latter. Δdocument.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Background (1 week ago) Situation Overview Humanitarian relief continues to reach northern Ethiopia, although assistance does not balance the scale of unmet needs of millions of people in the Tigray, Amhara and Afar regions due to limited funding and resources, among other operational challenges. In addition, more than 440 people have crossed into the country via the Kurmuk border point in Ethiopia’s Benishangul Gumuz Region. All the cooking and brewing is carried out in earthen pots, which are made by women. Benishangul-Gumuz, for example, is home to five major ethnic groups, mostly from the Berta and Gumuz peoples. Ethiopia is now at a crossroads. 1989. [7], In the Metekel conflict, starting in 2019, Gumuz militia were allegedly involved in attacks against Amhara, Agaw, Oromo and Shinasha civilians.[8][9][10]. Highlights • More than 20,400 people have crossed Ethiopia's Metema border since 21 April. [18] In 1898, Asosa became the political and economic capital. All premium Industry Newsletters - Monitor the Middle East's most important industries. After 15 months of conflict in Ethiopia, almost 40 per cent of Tigrayans are suffering an extreme lack of food, according to data released by the World Food Programme (WFP) on Friday. [10], Religion in Benishangul-Gumuz Region (2007)[11]. The agricultural implements and cutting tools of Begemder and Semyen, Ethiopia. The team has also delivered emergency supplies. Containing the Volatile Sudan-Ethiopia Border Dispute Flash Update #8: The Impact of the Situation in Sudan on ... TV host Ahmed Moussa, who is close to security quarters in Egypt, broadcast on Sada el-Balad channel on April 25 video segments of Ethiopians chanting slogans against their prime minister and tearing up his photo. This is a good article. Separately, a European Union envoy warned the crisis in Tigray appears “out of control”, after visiting Ethiopia on behalf of the bloc. I think Marx has correctly identified the weakness of this article. [4] On 28 July 2009, the Regional Rural Roads Authority reported that over the previous year almost 600 of the 800 kilometers of local all-weather roads had been upgraded at a cost of 11.5 million birr, and an additional 447 kilometers of roads constructed. Haavisto also warned that Sudan is struggling to cope with the influx of people fleeing the fighting and said it risked creating a major refugee crisis. The incumbent parliament has 99 seats. What is the rationale behind having an ethnic identity card? [5], Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA), the Benishangul-Gumuz Region has a total population of 784,345, consisting of 398,655 men and 385,690 women; urban inhabitants number 105,926 or 13.51% of the population. For many, the agreement is an indication that positive gains can come from unsanctioned violence and may tempt others to achieve their wants through violence. Do their policies help peace or exacerbate conflict? [23], (This list is based on information from Worldstatesmen.org, John Young,[24] and the Ethiopian News Agency website[25]). Addis Ababa and Asmara both deny that Eritrean forces are involved in the conflict, contradicting witness reports from civilians, aid workers and some military and government officials in Tigray. The shelter includes 12 rooms, and WASH facilities including latrines, showers, and water supply, and is located nearby a recently established Migration Response Center. Abiy’s visit to the area was, unfortunately, followed by an escalation of the conflict and mass killings. [14][20], Resistance to the Mengistu regime here came mainly from the Berta. Data-driven analysis of latest market trends. Since then, death from violence been rampant in the whole region. Ethiopia - Situation Update #13 - The Impact of the Situation in Sudan ... Metema has received rainfall in the last few days as this area approaches the Kiremt rainy season (June to September). Feuds between clans are common and they are usually solved by means of an institution of conflict resolution, called mangema or michu[3] depending on the region. In addition, 218 CU5 and 30 PLW were provided with high energy biscuits (HEB). Close to 48,000 border crossings from Sudan into Amhara and Benishangul Gumuz regions of Ethiopia recorded since the onset of the situation in Sudan in April; Heavy rains in the last few days caused damages to shelter and personal belongings of arrivals in Metema Woreda; damage to medical supplies interrupts health services for several hours; To ease the gap in shelter provision, a partner recently completed the rehabilitation of a facility/ temporary shelter that can accommodate more than 60 returnees at a time. Alessandro Triulzi: "Beni Šangul" in: Siegbert Uhlig (Hrsg.). Close to 48,000 border crossings from Sudan into Amhara and Benishangul Gumuz regions of Ethiopia recorded since the onset of the situation in Sudan in April; Heavy rains in the last few. Finds attributing them to the Berta date from the 17th to 20th centuries and are mainly located on mountains, hills and in rocky areas that are easy to defend. Ahmad, Abdussamad H. 1999. [22], Over 60% of this region is covered with forest, including bamboo, eucalyptus and rubber trees, incense and gum forests as well as the indigenous species. As many social institutions and homes are destroyed, things like infrastructure building and support for reconstructing homes need to be considered. [9], There are 2 refugee camps and 1 transit center, housing 36,440 refugees from Sudan and South Sudan, located in Benishangul-Gumuz region. Egyptian Minister of Water Resources and Irrigation Mohamed Abdel Ati said in a statement April 18 that Cairo submitted 15 different proposals for the filling and operation of the GERD over the past years, so as to meet the Ethiopian demands without causing any damage to Egypt and Sudan. Ahmad, Abdussamad H. 1995. Intimate in-person access to policy and business VIPs. The road has a 365-meter bridge that crosses the Abay. The Abay River (Blue Nile) divides Benishangul-Gumuz, and there was no bridge crossing it until 2012. It was previously known as Region 6. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. Violence in the Metekel Zone of the Benishangul-Gumuz region is separate from the deadly conflict in Ethiopia’s northern Tigray region, which has sent more than 61,000 Ethiopians into Sudan’s provinces of al-Qadarif and Kassala since fighting erupted in November. In a separate assistance to refugees and asylum seekers, relocation facilitation has been given to 1,200 people out of a screened 5,200 to the transit site in Mendefro Terara as of 28 May. Slavery did not disappear in Ethiopia until the 1940s. Mr. Cheshirkov told journalists that the clashes in the region were unrelated to the conflict in Tigray and that refugees had been cohabiting in the same camps. This has received mixed reactions among residents and watchers of the region. 03 Jun 2023 11:11:40 UNHCR, the UN refugee agency, and partners are rushing life-saving aid to more than 20,000 refugees after they fled clashes in Ethiopia's Benishangul Gumuz region, bordering Sudan and South. “We are seeing the beginning of one more potentially big refugee crisis in the world,” Haavisto said. They are looked down on and insulted as shankila. Awadi noted that the Ethiopian society is disintegrated, as sporadic demonstrations occasionally erupt in the country, due to the prime minister’s policies of marginalization and persecution of several social groups. It seems a terrible idea. First, an area needs to be effectively controlled, ensuring the availability of appropriate levels of security, social services, and economic opportunities for returnees. Violence in Benishangul-Gumuz Endangers Ethiopia - Foreign Policy In, Wallmark, Peter. The Gumuz of the Lowlands of Western Gojjam: The frontier in History 1900-1935. Bender, M. Lionel. Source of information: This situation update is prepared through collated public information and data from partners and OCHA staff in the field, made available at the time of publication. 14 (28 May 2023) [EN/AR], Flash Update #11: The Impact of the Situation in Sudan on Ethiopia (As of 26 May 2023). It has been over six months since more than 207 people were massacred in a single day on 24 December 2020 in Bakuji, a small kebele in Bullen Wereda. Afar, Tigrai, Somalia, Southern Nation and Nationalities and Benishangul-Gumuz …12/14. It is subdivided in several dialects (Ahland 2004, Unseth 1985). However, Ethiopia Insight will correct clear factual errors. Gumuz who have had to flee their villages due to targeted violence from communities who cast blame en masse are not getting needed support. The parliamentary defense committee affirms the Egyptians’ right to resort to all means so as to preserve their rights, and that all options are available in countering the Ethiopian intransigence.”. Unseth, Peter. In the absence of any official Egyptian comment on the developments in Benishangul-Gumuz and the Ethiopian accusations, Egyptian media outlets lashed out at Addis Ababa and backed the rebellion in the region. People continue to arrive at a rate of close to 1,000 on a daily basis, with the majority being Ethiopian returnees. The OLF tried to incorporate the local population as "black Oromo", but met with little support. Unless the government and concerned parties give their attention to Benishangul-Gumuz, the country and the Horn of Africa as a whole is likely to soon feel the awful effects of an out-of-control conflict. Spirits are called mus'a and are thought to dwell in houses, granaries, fields, trees and mountains. Live Video Q&A - Hear from our top journalists and regional experts. Although Mr. Abiy declared victory in Tigray last month, United Nations officials say the fight continues. The region has faced major challenges to economic development, due to lack of transportation and communications infrastructure. That is why Ethiopia is hosting refugee in almost all the corner of the country. Part of this work requires addressing the underlying factors that have fuelled the crisis. These regions served as slave-hunting grounds since Aksumite times, and their Nilosaharan-speaking inhabitants were pejoratively called Shanqella (Šanqəlla, also Shanqila, Shankella) by the highland Ethiopians. Those living near the Sudanese borderland converted to Islam and a few are Christians, but most Gumuz still maintain traditional religious practices. Response to the influx of people due to the situation in Sudan comes on top of the current HRP. The government and its intelligence sector should reassess the routes and ways through which the militias are getting logistical support. Berta is spoken in the Sherkole woreda, Gumuz is spoken along the western boundary of Guba and Dangur woredas and in the Sirba Abbay woreda, and the Shinasha are a displaced people of Kaffa scattered across Welega and Gojjam. Dessalegn Chanie, an Amhara opposition politician, said there had been signs in recent days that armed men from the Oromo and Gumuz ethnic groups were preparing an attack, particularly in areas where there was little federal security presence. Unfortunately, in the last two years, the people in Metekel are enduring terrible shortages, and famine looms ahead due to a manmade crisis. Alessandro Triulzi, "Trade, Islam, and the Mahdia in Northwestern Wallaggā, Ethiopia". [6] It had a projected population of 1,127,001 in 2018.[2]. As time passes, the Gumuz militias are strengthening their holdings and capacity, expanding and imposing their presence into Kamashi and Assosa zones. The major road that connects the Metekel Zone and the Assosa Zone was built by the China Construction Company in 2012. The CSA of Ethiopia estimated in 2005 that farmers in Benishangul-Gumuz had a total of 307,820 head of cattle (representing 0.79% of Ethiopia's total cattle), 65,800 sheep (0.38%), 244,570 goats (1.88%), 1,770 mules (1.2%), 37,520 asses (1.5%), 732,270 poultry of all species (2.37%), and 166,130 beehives (3.82%). Amnesty International reported in December that members of the ethnic Gumuz community – the ethnic majority in the region – attacked the homes of ethnic Amhara, Oromo and Shinasha. The unfolding conflict in different parts of the country and the withdrawal of popular political parties from the election has overshadowed the stalled national election. Rural population was 424,432, while the urban population was 36,027. This indicated an inability of the government to provide security and maintain law and order in the region. In a statement on 1 May, the government of Sudan claimed Benishangul-Gumuz as potentially its territory—a  provocation which the Ethiopian Ministry of Foreign Affairs quickly condemned. CAIRO — Violence has been ongoing in Ethiopia's western region of Benishangul-Gumuz where the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) is located, with Ethiopia announcing April 26 that more than 200 people were killed and thousands were displaced in the ongoing clashes between the government forces and armed groups. This figure does not include the uncounted and unreported displacement of Gumuz and Shinasha people that took place within Metekel Zone. 1994. Main languages are the Berta (25.15%), Amharic (22.46%), Gumuz (20.59%), Oromo (17.69%), Shinasha (4.58%) and Awngi (4.01%). • Incident Command Post to meet at Gendawhu, West Gondar Zone, on 12 May; response coordination at heart of agenda to scale up response. He added, "Despite the plots and pressure, Ethiopia will fill the GERD reservoir on time. driven curation of top business stories accross 12 industries in the region. It was previously known as Region 6. Material support, which has thus far been in short supply, should be accompanied by psychosocial support. ", Ethiopia: Tackling environmental challenges with trees, "Benishangul Gumuz State Council appoints Ahmed Nasir as chief of state", Map of Benishangul-Gumuz Region at UN-OCHA, Map of Benishangul-Gumuz Region at DPPA of Ethiopia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benishangul-Gumuz_Region&oldid=1151047051, This page was last edited on 21 April 2023, at 15:41. Three other refugee camps in the Benishangul Gumuz region – Bambasi, Sherkole and Tsore ­– remain fully accessible and all services there are functioning. Luxury goods such as textiles and glass beads were imported via Sudan. No one surrendered per the deadline. In the absence of effective responses and with such a weak negotiation, popular trust in regional authorities, the command post, and government institutions has been diminished. News 7,000 seek Sudan asylum after fleeing western Ethiopia violence UNHCR says most of the asylum seekers who fled ethnic violence in Benishangul-Gumuz region have been living among Sudanese. Disarming the armed group could have been a better solution than arming the unarmed group which will likely fuel further conflict, putting the area into a vicious cycle of conflict. The 2023 Ethiopia Humanitarian Response Plan** (HRP)**is only about 23 per cent funded out of the $3.99billion total requirements, as of 01 June. 1939-40. Dozens Die in Ethnic Massacre in Troubled Ethiopian Region Though a transit road has been built and commercial farms established in the lower basin the Gumuz people were seen in 2018 as politically "peripheral" in regard to the Ethiopian highlands that hold the power in the country. Addis Abeba - The Benishangul Gumuz regional government said it has signed a peace agreement on 10 December with the armed group Benishangul People's Liberation Movement (BPLM) in Khartoum, Sudan. By the middle of the century, the waṭāwiṭ, the descendants of Arabs and Berta, had become the new ruling class. Try it for free and cancel anytime. [13] Besides slaves, gold was traditionally an important export of Benishangul. “A group of Gumuz men came to our village chanting ‘leave our land,’” said Sebsibie Ibrahim, 36, a shop owner in Metekel district, speaking by phone. The murky politics behind the Metekel massacres, Benishangul conflict spurred by investment, land titling, rumors, Although the National Electoral Board of Ethiopia (NEBE). The choice may be clear : it may be a bitter pill to swallow: do we want to see one Ethiopia, living in a relative peace ,by changing some agreement on the dam or sticking to our current position and face the eternal infighting and the disintegration of the country? All Gumuz are organized in clans. He previously worked at the Guardian and is the author of The Nine Lives of Pakistan. Hence, the regional and the federal government should collaboratively work to investigate the situation and bring the perpetrators to account. Various trade routes met in Benishangul, and local gold and Ethiopian amole (salt bars) were exchanged for slaves, cattle, horses, iron, civet, musk, coffee, ivory and honey (which also came from the Oromo areas of Sibu and Leeqaa). Many considered Demeke’s speech to be emotion-led and forwarded under the pressure of Amhara nationalists. For the first time, new arrivals were also reported at the Pagak/Bubieyr border crossing in the Gambella Region, with 198 South Sudanese refugees, who had previously been hosted in Sudan, having crossed into Ethiopia3. Currently, the regional government has some control in towns where administrative offices are located, but not much beyond that. Sudan - The number of Ethiopian refugees in eastern Sudan ... - OCHA In addition to refugee support, the Government, UNHCR and partners, have been aiding the region’s internally displaced, reaching over 100,000 people throughout last year – particularly women and children – with clothing, shelter, psychosocial help, and other emergency items. Assosa Zone makes less than half of constituencies, which does not guarantee the establishment of a regional government. Gumuz: a dialect survey report. Kuwaitis elect new parliament in hopes of ending stalemate, Blinken urges Israel-Saudi normalization ahead of Riyadh visit, UN body faults US, other states over Guantanamo prisoner torture, Turkey scholar Howard Eissenstat on the dynamics of Erdogan's enduring success. They speak the Gumuz language, which belongs to the Nilo-Saharan family. Meanwhile, some refugees who had sought and enjoyed safety and were rebuilding their lives have again, have tragically lost everything. I Preniloti: un’arcaica provincia culturale in Africa. [8] Values for other reported common indicators of the standard of living for Benishangul-Gumuz as of 2005[update] include the following: 19.1% of the inhabitants fall into the lowest wealth quintile; adult literacy for men is 47.4% and for women 23.2%; and the regional infant mortality rate is 84 infant deaths per 1,000 live births, which is greater than the nationwide average of 77; at least half of these deaths occurred in the infants’ first month of life. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Also, let's not forget that, "we are our brother and sister's keepers". 1993. Tsegaye is studying for a Peace and Development Work Masters degree at Linnaeus University in Sweden and is a political science lecturer at Assosa University. UNHCR says most of the asylum seekers who fled ethnic violence in Benishangul-Gumuz region have been living among Sudanese host communities. This is the viewpoint of the author. Control of the area must be regained. Selected aspects of Gumuz phonology. In 2019, the Metekel conflict began. Damages are presumed to be more severe if adequate shelters that can endure the heavy Kiremt rains are not put in place ahead of time, putting further strain on the hosting capacity of the local community. Descendants of Gumuz people taken as slaves to the area just south of Welkite were found to still be speaking the language in 1984 (Unseth 1985). Trends (1 year ago) The number of Ethiopian refugees in eastern Sudan reduced following the verification exercise The number of Ethiopian refugees sheltering in Gedaref, Kassala and Blue Nile states reduced by 25 per cent following the verification exercise completed at the end of May. By foregoing action to investigate crimes and ensure accountability, the signed agreement has also neglected the issue of justice—a foundation of sustainable peace. “This operation has lasted more than three months, and we do not see the end,” Haavisto said. In Sudan and South Sudan, the unstable political situation has militated against any significant returns of refugees. James, Wendy. The spiraling situation in Ethiopia's Benishangul-Gumuz region In other words, the upcoming election will be conducted in 46 regional constituencies, and will not take place in 53 constituencies due to security reasons. “Blood was flooding from his neck,” he said. Even small-scale farm holders used to produce surpluses each year. “What we need from the Ethiopian government is the green light to the humanitarian community to negotiate access to the Eritrean-controlled areas, to the opposition-controlled areas,” he said. Commenting on the Ethiopian parliament's accusations that Egypt and Sudan are involved in the violence in the Benishangul-Gumuz region, Maj. Gen. Ahmed al-Awadi, undersecretary of the Egyptian parliamentary Defense and National Security Committee, told Al-Monitor, “Egypt will not keep quiet toward Ethiopia’s intransigence regarding the GERD. Already, reports indicate the presence of training operations for militias in the Ethiopia-Sudan border. The massacre in Benishangul-Gumuz region, along the border with Sudan, is the latest challenge to the regime of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, who came to power in 2018 promising to unite Ethiopia but has struggled to contain a growing wave of ethnic violence. Originally, all Gumuz adorned their bodies with scarifications, but this custom is disappearing through government pressure and education. In several parts of the Gumuz area, the settlers' economy dominated by 2018. Since last December, the situation has been very tense in the Benishangul Gumuz region, which hosts more than 70,000 Sudanese and South Sudanese refugees and over 500,000 internally displaced Ethiopians. Out of this, the Assosa Zone has 42 seats while Metekel and Kamashi zones have 33 and 20 seats respectively. Benishangul-Gumuz: Attackers kill dozens in western Ethiopia Before picking a side, it is important to put the agreement between the militias and the regional government into perspective. Trend Reports - Deep dive analysis on market updates. (Calverton: Macro International, 2008), http://catalog.ihsn.org/index.php/catalog/3583/download/50086, "Exhibiting Cultures of Contact: A Museum for Benishangul-Gumuz, Ethiopia", "Ethiopia and the Mahdiyya – You Call Me a Chicken? Kurmuk and Pagak/Burbley in Benishangul Gumuz and Gambella regions respectively. Analysts say the campaign in Tigray has hampered Mr. Abiy’s ability to stem clashes like the recent one in Benishangul-Gumuz, because it has forced him to divert soldiers from across Ethiopia to Tigray. Most Gumuz members live in a bush-savanna lowland environment. What are the historical and social contexts? Concise, actionable scenarios and predictions from top regional experts. We advocate for effective and principled humanitarian action by all, for all. Meanwhile the Government of Ethiopia and other humanitarian partners continue to respond with limited resources in the provision of hot meals, health services, nutrition screening and supplementation, transportation services, and relocation activities. “They fired their guns and used swords to attack anyone they came across — women, children, elderly people.”. Out of the nearly 48,000 crossings, between April 21 and May 31, more than 36,200 arrivals from Sudan have been recorded at the Metema **border point of entry **(POE), West Gondar Zone, Amhara, alone. Isn’t your residence enough for identity and language service purposes? [1] Around 67,000 Gumuz also lived in Sudan. UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Inter-Agency Assessment Report of Vulnerable Returnees from Sudan and Vulnerable IDPs in Rotriak Settlement Rubkona County, Unity State (13 May 2023), IOM East and Horn of Africa Drought Response - Situation Report (1 - 31 April 2023), Canadian charities unite to respond to humanitarian crisis in East Africa, Sudan Situation - UNHCR External Update #12, 26 – 31 May 2023. But it also unleashed simmering ethnic tensions. I do not think the article addressed why the Gumuz rebel. Terms of the agreement that seemingly aimed at appeasing the militias included, among others, sharing power with militia members at the wereda, zonal and regional levels, creating job opportunities, offering access to financial support services, and giving urban and rural land to the members of the militias. Small businesses in retail and food service in Metema town are also benefiting from the traffic of arrivals as banks benefit from exchanging foreign currencies. According to their traditions, in earlier times they inhabited the western parts of the province of Gojjam, but were progressively banished to the inhospitable area of the Blue Nile and its tributaries by their more powerful Afroasiatic-speaking neighbors, the Amhara and Agaw, who also enslaved them (Wolde-Selassie Abbute 2004).
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