harmala. These data all together suggest that care should be taken when P. harmala is co-administered with other drugs.[3]. In addition, the current research has revealed the biological activities of P. harmala, but the application of these biological activities in the treatment of human, animal, and plant diseases is limited, and the application of biological activities in medicine should be further studied in the future. [57] All of these data suggest that P. harmala and its alkaloids possess the potential to be used as novel antioxidant and anti-tumor agents in anti-cancer therapy. Li Y, Liang F, Jiang W, Yu F, Cao R, Ma Q, et al. also showed in an in vitro study the vasorelaxant activity of vasicinone, another alkaloid isolated from the seeds of P. harmala, against phenylephrine-induced contraction of isolated rat aorta. and C.W. Die Steppenraute oder Harmelraute (Peganum harmala), im deutschen Sprachraum auch Harmalkraut, Syrische Steppenraute oder Afrikanische Raute genannt, ist eine Pflanzenart aus der Gattung Peganum innerhalb der Familie der Nitrariaceae. Ait Abderrahimet al. The inhibitory activity of P. harmala on broad-spectrum microorganisms may be the reason for its therapeutic effect on many pathogen-related diseases such as wound treatment, skin inflammation, hemorrhoids, and cough. Schizonts of T. annulata were not observed in lymph node biopsy smears. Edziri et al. Li S., Cheng X., Wang C. A review on traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and toxicology of the genus, Moloudizargari M., Mikaili P., Aghajanshakeri S., Asghari M.H., Shayegh J. Pharmacological and therapeutic effects of, Zhao T., Wang Z.T., Branford-White C.J., Xu H., Wang C.H. Peganum harmala L., a perennial herb that belongs to the Zygophyllaceae family, is distributed in the Mediterranean region of Europe, Central Asia, and southern South America. The .gov means it’s official. [78], In addition to all therapeutic effects of P. harmala, there have been several reports of human[79] and animal[68] intoxications induced by this plant. Izadi et al. U1130303), and the Graduate Student Innovation Ability Project of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Y2021004) awarded to Professor Changhong Wang for financial support of this study. It was speculated that this may be due to the differences in the growth environment of P. harmala in different countries, resulting in different percentages of secondary metabolites of plants such as oxygen-containing monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and oxygen-containing sesquiterpenes. Moreover, these alkaloids are neuroprotective[31,33] and strong inhibitors of monoamine oxidase and this important feature makes them a preferable target in the treatment of some conditions like depression.[25]. [36] evaluated the antibacterial activities of four βCs (harmane, harmine, harmaline, and harmalol) from P. harmala seeds using the disc diffusion method with high potency biodisc. Yu AM, Idle JR, Krausz KW, Küpfer A, Gonzalez FJ. Vasorelaxant effects of harmine and harmaline extracted from, Hamsa TP, Kuttan G. Harmine inhibits tumour specific neo-vessel formation by regulating VEGF, MMP, TIMP and pro-inflammatory mediators both, Aqel M, Hadidi M. Direct relaxant effect of. Antibiotic use: Present and future. Nenaah et al. In another study, eight plant extracts were mixed with yeast extract sucrose (YES), and the expression levels of aflatoxin B1 synthesis genes were analyzed by RT-PCR. The antimicrobial activities of crude extracts and ingredients from P. harmala were further compared using the microdilution method and the order of antimicrobial activities was harmane, harmaline, harmalol, and harmine. A case of beta-carboline alkaloid intoxication following ingestion of. It was found that the viral production was significantly reduced, and harmine affected viral replication at early and later stages [67]. Evaluation of inhibitory potential of some selective methanolic plants extracts on biological characteristics of, Tanweer A.J., Chand N., Saddique U., Bailey C.A., Khan R.U. In vivo experiments showed that after 56 days of treatment, the plant disease degree of P. harmala dry powder treatment was significantly reduced, and the plant height was 10.33% higher than that of the plant treated with clarithromycin. 3102, Salmonella sp. the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. Its binary mixture was recommended for use as a novel antifungal agent. PhAMP has good destructive effects on the biofilm formed by pathogenic bacteria. In traditional medicine, P. harmala has been used among societies to treat some nervous system disorders such as Parkinson's disease,[19] in psychiatric conditions[7] such as nervosity,[20] and to relieve rigorous pain. The methods used in these studies include formalin, hot plate, and writhing tests. Hamouda C, Amamou M, Thabet H, Yacoub M, Hedhili A, Bescharnia F, et al. Peganum harmala belongs to the family Zygophyllaceae, and it is often referred to as "Syrian rue," "African rue," or "Harmal.". In an in vitro study desoxypeganine, one of the P. harmala alkaloids, dose-dependently decreased ethanol consumption in female Alko alcohol rats with no effect on food and fluid consumption. Lala S., Pramanick S., Mukhopadhyay S., Bandyopadhyay S., Basu M.K. The presence of 2% reconstituted infant milk formula could reduce the inhibitory effect of plants on the growth of C. sakazakii, and the mixture of nisin and disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate had a slight synergistic effect on the inhibition of C. sakazakii. Peganum harmala Alkaloids Self-Assembled Supramolecular Nanocapsules ... It was found that harmaline had the best inhibitory effect on C. albicans, with inhibitory zones between 21.2 and 24.7 mm. It was found that harmine of 100 μg/mL was effective against all eight dermatophytes used (Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum canis, T. longjifisis, T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. simii, T. tonsurans, and T. violaceum), while harmaline inhibited M. canis, T. longjifisis, T. rubrum, and T. tonsurans at 500 μg/mL. Furthermore, there have been reports of antiplasmodial activity of different P. harmala alkaloids such as vasicinone, deoxyvasicinone, and beta-carbolines. The total alkaloid extract from seeds of P. harmala was cultured with inocula of R. solanacearum in broth medium. Darabpour et al. Among them, (−)-peharmaline A (1) (Figure 2) and (+)-peharmaline A (2) (Figure 2) were rare carboline-vasicinone hybrid alkaloid enantiomers with an unknown hybrid dimer system. Jiang X., Zou J., Zhuang Y., Yuan W., Zhu L., Zhu G. The antiviral effects of harmine against BoHV-1 infection In vitro. Based on these observations, it was suggested that this inexpensive and readily available plant combination formulation could be used on farms. ; writing—review and editing, C.W. [77] Harmine is the main alkaloid of P. harmala that is involved in its anti-diabetic effect. The inhibitory effects of P. harmala on a variety of animal viruses and plant viruses have been reported. 8600 Rockville Pike Histological studies showed that P. harmala extracts caused a severe cytotoxicity on the epithelial cells of the midgut resulting in marked vacuolization of the cytoplasm and a large intercellular space. 2007 4 ). The results also indicated that the extracts act both centrally and peripherally. Conceptualization, methodology, and data analysis, Z.Z., S.Z. Sie gedeiht vor allem in Wüsten, Halbwüsten und Steppen von Westasien bis Nordindien, gelegentlich aber auch im Mittelmeerraum. [26] examined the antibacterial activity of methanol extracts from different parts of P. harmala (root, stem, leaf, flower, and seed) against 11 bacteria (Gram-positive bacterial species of Bacillus anthracis, B. cereus, B. pumilus, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, Listeria monocytogenes, and S. pyogenes, and Gram-negative bacterial species of P. aeruginosa, Brucella melitensis, P. mirabilis, S. typhi, E. coli, and K. pneumoniae) using disk diffusion. Irshaid F.I., Tarawneh K.A., Jacob J.H., Alshdefat A.M. Phenol content, antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity of methanolic extracts derived from four Jordanian medicinal plants. In this paper, we review the antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiparasitic activities and mechanisms of P. harmala extracts and its ingredients by retrieving the relevant literature in globally recognized databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The methanol extract of P. harmala seeds at a dose of 3 mg/mL could inhibit the formation of miracidial [59]. The MFC against C. tropicalis was 0.125 mg/mL. Peganum harmala Profile - California Invasive Plant Council The extracts (100%, 75%, and 50% concentrations) of P. harmala, M. piperita, A. sativum, W. somnifera, M. azedarach, C. processra, and N. oleander could inhibit the growth of C. michiganensis. The antibacterial effects of P. harmala have been demonstrated in many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chen D., Su A., Fu Y., Wang X., Lv X., Xu W., Xu S., Wang H., Wu Z. Harmine blocks herpes simplex virus infection through downregulating cellular NF-kappaβ and MAPK pathways induced by oxidative stress. Peganum harmala is also known as wild rue or Syrian rue. What are the Uses and Benefits of Peganum Harmala? - Planet Ayurveda Molecules | Free Full-Text | Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral, and ... It was found that there was inhibitory activity of P. harmala against Gram-negative bacteria (MIC range of 4–8 mg/mL) and the chloroform extract from P. harmala leaves. Peganum spp.: A Comprehensive Review on Bioactivities and Health ... Al-Quran S. Taxonomical and pharmacological survey of therapeutic plants in Jordan. Current studies have shown that it contains hundreds of compounds and has a variety of biological activities. Wang W., Liang Y.S. Frison G, Favretto D, Zancanaro F, Fazzin G, Ferrara SD. It was suggested that P. harmala or the ingredients could play a significant role in drug development for controlling bacteria. The suggested mechanism for this property is the inhibitory effect of harmaline on protein kinase C (PKC) action of the parasites. Reports on the antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiparasitic activities of P. harmala have been increasing each year. It was found that the mycelium growth rate of most fungi decreased when treated with water extract and methanol extract, and the seed extract had the highest activity. The undiluted water extract of P. harmala had the highest antibacterial activity in these plants, and the inhibition zone was 14.40 mm. Microscopic observation showed that the parasites disappeared in 9 days and the rectal temperature returned to normal in the lymph nodes and peripheral blood smears of lambs in the treatment group. [13,55] For example, it has been so common in traditional medicine of Morocco to use powdered seeds of P. harmala to treat skin and subcutaneous tumors. [Show full abstract] Wirkung, wenn . Fahmy S.A., Mahdy N.K., Al Mulla H., ElMeshad A.N., Issa M.Y., Azzazy H.M.E. In addition, it was concluded that the selection of compounds that act synergistically with P. harmala alkaloids had great potential in the treatment of diseases caused by P. vulgaris. DH334, a beta-carboline anti-cancer drug, inhibits the CDK activity of budding yeast. [55] Several in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that these cytotoxicity and antitumor effects of P. harmala are related to its interaction with RNA,[59] DNA and its synthesis,[56,60] and inhibition of human Topoisomerase. [17], It was revealed in a study that harmine is a potent angiogenic inhibitor. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. It was found that the reduction in aflatoxin B1 biosynthesis was related to a reduction in (or blocking of) the expressions of aflR, aflM, and aflP by plant extracts such as P. harmala [66]. The conidial suspension of plant pathogenic fungus P. digtiatum was treated with 1 mM harmol. Sevindik M., Akgul H., Pehlivan M., Selamoglu Z. Contribution à une étude ethnobotanique des plantes médicinales au Maroc Oriental. Peganum harmala L. Intoxication in a Pregnant Woman - Hindawi The seeds of Peganum harmala L. (Zygophyllaceae family) have been reported to have antimicrobial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. Antibacterial activity of different parts of, Omar S.S. Inhibitory effect of nisin and some of plant extracts against growth of. They found that the MICs of harmine against Bacillus pumilus, B. subtilis, Corynebacterium hofmannii, Sarcina lutea, Staphylococcus citreus, S. lactis, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Salmonella paratyphi A were 100 μg/mL, respectively. The results showed the strongest inhibition of extract from P. harmala leaves against P. aeruginosa with MICs ranging from 0.25 to 1.0 mg/mL. [21] The alkaloid content of P. harmala is shown to be psychoactive[22] and various in vitro and in vivo studies indicate a wide range of effects produced by P. harmala and its active alkaloids on both central and peripheral nervous system including, analgesia,[22,23] hallucination, excitation,[24] and anti-depressant effect.[25,26].